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Diasporas: Transnational Migrations, Spaces, and Identities

Presented by UCLA Library's International & Area Studies Department

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Being Iranian In LA.

"Young Iranian-Americans in Los Angeles face two stereotypes: the wealthy snob or the “scary terrorist.” But they're way cooler than that." (AJ+)

Climate Refugees

"Climate Refugees is the first feature film to explore in-depth the global human impact of climate change and its serious destabilizing effect on international politics. The film turns the distant concept of global warming into a concrete human problem with enormous worldwide consequences." (Kanopy)

The Donut King

"An immigrant story with a (glazed) twist, The Donut King follows the journey of Cambodian refugee Ted Ngoy, who arrived in California in the 1970s and, through a mixture of diligence and luck, built a multi-million dollar donut empire up and down the West Coast." (Kanopy)

Half a Life

"After a traumatic encounter, a young, gay Egyptian joins the LGBT rights movement. When his safety is jeopardized, he must choose whether to stay in the country he loves or seek asylum elsewhere as a refugee. Half a Life is a timely story of activism and hope, set in the increasingly dangerous, oppressive, and unstable social climate of Egypt today." (Kanopy)

The Inheritance

"[This] feature-length debut, The Inheritance, is a vibrant, engaging ensemble work that takes place almost entirely within the walls of a West Philadelphia house where a community of young people have come together to form a collective of Black artists and activists." (Kanopy)

Neither Here Nor There: Indo Caribbean Diaspora

"Through the stories of three community activists in the Indo-Caribbean community of Queens, this episode explores a group identity that began with indentured servitude in the Caribbean and now finds its way through new generations."

Refugees Share Culture And Cuisine Through Montana Kitchen

"In Missoula, Montana, one of the city’s most popular places to eat is run almost entirely by refugees. It is a part of a relocation program that supports both immigrants and refugees to establish their place within the community while introducing their cuisines from around the world." (NBC News)

Related Books

Online Resources

e-Diasporas

E-Diasporas Atlas contains archived 8,000 migrant websites. We prefer the term ‘e–diaspora’ to that of ‘digital diaspora’ because the latter may lend to confusion given the increasingly frequent use of the notions of ‘digital native’ and ‘digital immigrant’, in a ‘generational’ sense (distinguishing those born before from those born during/after the digital era). The object of the e–Diasporas Atlas is not this ‘digital migrant’, however, but the connected migrant.

Connecting Diaspora for Development (CD4D)

UN International Office of Migration (IOM) program to connect diaspora to countries of origin,  offer programmes to facilitate diaspora engagement through knowledge transfer and entrepreneurship. The objective is to use the development potential of migration for the benefit of host and receiving societies. All programmes are focused to contribute to sustainable development and poverty reduction.

USAID Diaspora Program

With roots around the world, diasporans are uniquely positioned to amplify and sustain global growth.  Today, more than 62 million Americans – one-fifth of the country – are first or second generation diasporans, making the United States home to more global diaspora members than any other country. As these populations grow, so does their potential for impact as they transfer resources, knowledge, and ideas back to their home countries. USAID builds partnerships with diasporic communities thought a series of partnerships and programs.

U.S. Department of State Diaspora Voices 

Originally launched by the Office of Global Partnerships in 2016, Diaspora Voices is an interactive virtual event series that gives diaspora organizations the ability to engage with top diplomats about the challenges directly affecting their communities and opens the dialogue for opportunities to work with the U.S. Department of State to address them. As part of the State Department’s emphasis on developing Foreign Policy for the Middle Class, Diaspora Voices works to incorporate underrepresented perspectives in the work of diplomacy and international development. The renewed Diaspora Voices series will focus on specific policy issues and priorities, beginning with the topic of climate change, to directly engage the communities facing these challenges head on.

Africa-Europe Diaspora Development Platform (ADEPT)

ADEPT is the Africa-Europe Diaspora Development Platform, a pan-European network established in 2017 and based in Brussels. Our mission is to amplify the influence and impact of African diaspora individuals and development organisations in Africa and Europe.  We have a network of over 200 African diaspora organisations and individuals based in Europe. Bridging the gap between the two continents, ADEPT members are active in EU and AU member states, as well as in Norway, Switzerland, and the UK. Our vision is a world where Africa, its people, and its diaspora are empowered and transformed.

African Union Diaspora Division
The Diaspora Division serves as the focal point and hub for implementing the African Union decision to invite and encourage the African Diaspora to participate in the building and development of the African continent. Its main task therefore, is to serve as a catalyst for rebuilding the global African family in the service of the development and integration agenda of the continent.

 

If you are unfamiliar with the concept of diaspora, this video gives a brief introduction. It explores: the origins of the term; how definitions differ and have evolved over time; and how governments try to engage their diasporas.

Select Works by Speakers

Armen, Ghoogasian, & Vartanian (2020) . Beyond Jermag Yev Sev: A Roundtable on Armenian American Identity. Los Angeles Review of Books

Armenta, & Rosales, R. (2019). Beyond the Fear of Deportation: Understanding Unauthorized Immigrants’ Ambivalence Toward the Police. The American Behavioral Scientist (Beverly Hills), 63(9), 1350–1369. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764219835278

Blackwell, Boj Lopez, F., & Urrieta, L. (2017). Special issue: Critical Latinx indigeneities. Latino Studies, 15(2), 126–137. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41276-017-0064-0

Boj Lopez. (2017). Mobile archives of indigeneity: Building La Comunidad Ixim through organizing in the Maya diaspora. Latino Studies, 15(2), 201–218. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41276-017-0056-0

Lopez. (2021). Discovering Dominga: Indigenous Migration and the Logics of Indigenous Displacement. Kalfou (Santa Barbara, Calif.), 7(2). https://doi.org/10.15367/kf.v7i2.337

Brinkerhoff. (2012). Creating an Enabling Environment for Diasporas’ Participation in Homeland Development. International Migration, 50(1), 75–95. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2009.00542.x

Brinkerhoff. (2019). Diasporas and Public Diplomacy: Distinctions and Future Prospects. The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 2019(1-2), 51–64. https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191X-14101015

Brinkerhoff. (2019). Diaspora policy in weakly governed arenas and the benefits of multipolar engagement: lessons from the Coptic Orthodox Church in Egypt. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 45(4), 561–576. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1409168

Brinkerhoff. (2011). Diasporas and conflict societies: conflict entrepreneurs, competing interests or contributors to stability and development? Conflict, Security & Development, 11(2), 115–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/14678802.2011.572453

Brinkerhoff. (2016). Assimilation and Heritage Identity: Lessons from the Coptic Diaspora. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 17(2), 467–485. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-015-0418-0

Brinkerhoff, McGinnis Johnson, J., & Gudelis, D. (2019). Are Our Assumptions About Diaspora and Immigrant Philanthropy Generalizable? Exploring the Relevance to High-Income Countries of Origin. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 48(5), 1094–1109. https://doi.org/10.1177/0899764019839783

To, Huynh, J., Wu, J. T.-C., Vo Dang, T., Lee, C., & Tanjasiri, S. P. (2022). Through Our Eyes, Hear Our Stories: A Virtual Photovoice Project to Document and Archive Asian American and Pacific Islander Community Experiences During COVID-19. Health Promotion Practice, 23(2), 289–295. https://doi.org/10.1177/15248399211060777

Võ Đặng, Hà, T., & Nguyễn, T.-U. (2021). Conflict and Care: Vietnamese American Women and the Dynamics of Social Justice Work. Amerasia Journal, 47(1), 120–133. https://doi.org/10.1080/00447471.2021.1976025

Dang. (2005). The Cultural Work of Anticommunism in the San Diego Vietnamese American Community. Amerasia Journal, 31(2), 65–86. https://doi.org/10.17953/amer.31.2.t80283284556j378

Duru. (2020). An Overview of African Food Historiography, 2013 to Present. Food & History, 18(1-2), 211–221. https://doi.org/10.1484/J.FOOD.5.122038

Duru. (2005). When Signifying Goodwill is no longer enough: the Kola Nut and Gender among Igbos in Nigeria and Belgium. Food & Foodways, 13(3), 201–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/07409710590931302

Espiritu Gandhi. (2022). Southern Memory, Southern Metaphor: Representing South Vietnam through the US South. American Quarterly, 74(3), 591–614. https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0039

Gandhi. (2022). Asian-Indigenous Relations across Hemispheres, Oceans, and Islands. American Quarterly, 74(4), 1067–1077. https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2022.0073

Gandhi. (2021). Introduction to “Pacific Worlds: Indigeneity, Blackness, and Resistance.” Ethnic Studies Review, 44(3), 5–6. https://doi.org/10.1525/esr.2021.44.3.5

Gandhi. (2022). Indigenous Soldiering: CHamoru, Māori, and Hmong Narratives of the Trans-Pacific Vietnam War. Critical Ethnic Studies, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.5749/CES.0702.08

McMullin. (2019). The Fag End of Fāgogo. Narrative Culture, 6(2), 216–228. https://doi.org/10.13110/narrcult.6.2.0216

Nititham. (2020). Navigating Precarities: Agency, Intergenerational Care, and Counter-Narratives among Indigenous Migrant Youth. Jeunesse, Young People, Texts, Cultures12(2), 183–187. https://doi.org/10.1353/jeu.2020.0028

Nititham. (2022). Positionalities of Precarity. Journal of Autoethnography, 3(1), 38–56. https://doi.org/10.1525/joae.2022.3.1.38

Nititham. (2011). Migration as Cultural Capital: The Ongoing Dependence on Overseas Filipino Workers. Malaysian Journal of Economic Studies, 48(2), 185–.

Shaw. (2018). From disgust to dignity : criminalisation of same-sex conduct as a dignity taking and the human rights pathways to achieve dignity restoration. African Human Rights Law Journal, 18(2), 684–705. https://doi.org/10.17159/1996-2096/2018/v18n2a12

Shaw, & Verghese, N. (2022). LGBTQI+ Refugees and Asylum Seekers.

Carreño, & Shaw, A. (2022). The Global Impact of Monkeypox on LGBTQ People.

Shaw. (2020). Violence and Law Enforcement Interactions with LGBT People in the US.

Siu, & Chun, C. (2020). Yellow Peril and Techno-orientalism in the Time of Covid-19: Racialized Contagion, Scientific Espionage, and Techno-Economic Warfare. Journal of Asian American Studies, 23(3), 421–440. https://doi.org/10.1353/jaas.2020.0033

Siu. (2016). Hemispheric Raciality: Yellowface and the Challenge of Transnational Critique. Asian Diasporic Visual Cultures and the Americas, 2(1-2), 163–179. https://doi.org/10.1163/23523085-00202018

Valenzuela. (2003). Day Labor Work. Annual Review of Sociology, 29(1), 307–333. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.100044

Valenzuela. (2003). Day Labor Work. Annual Review of Sociology, 29(1), 307–333. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.100044

Valenzuela, Schweitzer, L., & Robles, A. (2005). Camionetas: Informal travel among immigrants. Transportation Research. Part A, Policy and Practice, 39(10), 895–911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2005.02.026

Valenzuela. (2001). Day labourers as entrepreneurs? Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 27(2), 335–352. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691830020041642

Theodore, Blaauw, D., Schenck, C., Valenzuela Jr, A., Schoeman, C., & Meléndez, E. (2015). Day labor, informality and vulnerability in South Africa and the United States. International Journal of Manpower, 36(6), 807–823. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-01-2014-0036

Zecena. (2021). Border Desires: Mapping Queer Worlds in the Work of Benjamin Alire Saénz. Diálogo (Chicago, Ill.), 24(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.1353/dlg.2022.0003

Zecena. (2019). Migrating Like a Queen: Visuality and Performance in the Trans Gay Caravan. Women’s Studies Quarterly, 47(3/4), 99–118. https://doi.org/10.1353/wsq.2019.0063

Zecena. (2022). Messy queer familias: Negotiating desire, pleasure and melancholia in Vida. Queer Studies in Media & Popular Culture, 7(1-2), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1386/qsmpc_00069_1
 

Writer Elamin Abdelmahmoud candidly shares his experience as an immigrant growing up in Canada in his acclaimed memoir.

 

"Actors in the country of origin can't achieve the political outcomes that they're seeking in the country. And so they might reach out to their diasporas abroad, who then have influence abroad that comes back to the country", says Jennifer Brinckerhoff, Professor at the Elliott School of International Affairs.

Who are Asian Americans? Where did they come from? Why are they here? Professor Siu will take you through the histories of migration, the diversities among Asian Americans, and their various challenges and struggles. This session provides an excellent foundational introduction to the ethnic studies framework and how it illuminates the social and political histories of Asians who have made the U.S. their home.

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This is a conversation with Sophia Armen, an Armenian-American writer, scholar and organizer, about the legacy of the Armenian Genocide today.

Rocío Rosales is Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of California, Irvine. She presents on her book Fruteros: Street Vending, Illegality, and Ethnic Community in Los Angeles.

 

Almost 90% of doughnut shops in California are owned by Cambodian refugees, says artist Phung Huynh. She draws the portraits of first-generation and second-generation Cambodian Americans on pink doughnut boxes — a ubiquitous symbol of the sweet treat in California. Her artwork pays homage to the trials and triumphs of immigrants making a new life in a foreign country.

We speak with subject matter expert Evyn Espiritu, Ph.D., about the migration of thousands of refugees through Guam’s shores during "Operation New Life.”

"The Doors of the Sea" by Dan Taulapapa McMullin

A discussion on current challenges and data needs to support the rights of LGBTQI+ refugees at the intersection of race and SOGI

The Vietnamese Podcast with host, Kenneth Nguyen interviews Dr. Thuy Vo Dang.

Waiting for Snow

“Waiting for the Snow” is a photographic project presenting the curious phenomenon of Polish migration to the South American countries during the partitions (19th century) and the interwar period. We focus on the Brazilian and Argentinean directions of migration, as these countries were the most popular destinations of migrants, and the number of people of Polish origin living there is currently the highest on that continent (Brazil 1.53 million, Argentina 120-450 thousand). Both these countries were also at that time perceived by migrants as unknown and exotic. We want to shed some light on this little-known (and rather untypical) aspect of European presence in that remote part of the world. On the one hand, we gather stories based on the collective memory of the Polish community about the country of origin and the beginnings of settlement in the new homeland. On the other hand, we focus on the creolization and mixing of cultures and observe how the Slavic background has interlaced with the South American context, creating a concept of identity based on reconstruction, fiction, and fantasy.

Community Archives Lab

The UCLA Community Archives Lab was founded by Professor Michelle Caswell in 2016 to explore the ways that independent, identity-based memory organizations document, shape, and provide access to the histories of minoritized communities, with a particular emphasis on understanding their affective, political, and artistic impact. In 2021, Professors Thuy Vo Dang and Tonia Sutherland joined the Lab as Co-Directors. The Lab’s research has been published in The American ArchivistArchival ScienceArchivariaJournal of Critical Library and Information Studies, American Historical Review, Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies, Interactions: UCLA Journal of Education and Information Studies, The Public Historian, Archives and Manuscripts, and Library Quarterly, as well as in several edited volumes

PROJECT: Learning from our Asian American Pacific Islander Leaders

The “Learning from our Asian American and Pacific Islander Leaders” project was created by students, staff, and faculty based at the University of California, Irvine. Inspired by the 150th anniversary of the City of Santa Ana in 2019, we began an archival research, digital mapping, and oral history project in winter 2020 to bring more visibility to Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) communities in Orange County. 

Welcome to Visualizing Our Identities and Cultures for Empowerment (VOICE)!

VOICE is a project that aims to present the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) communities in Orange County – home to the third largest AAPI community in the United States. As a result of the pandemic, AAPI communities have experienced a disproportionate amount of hostility. We want to showcase how the community is impacted on a multitude of levels, given the already challenging pandemic, personal circumstances, and language barriers by incorporating a technique known as Photovoice. Our team of student researchers captures thought-provoking pictures to document the story of how COVID-19 impacted the AAPI community. Explore our selection of images, categorized neatly under each theme.

Viet Stories: Vietnamese American Oral History Project

Viet Stories: Vietnamese American Oral History Project at the University of California, Irvine actively assembles, preserves, and disseminates the life stories of Vietnamese Americans in Southern California. The project contributes to expanding archives on Vietnamese Americans with the primary goal of capturing first-generation stories for students, researchers, and the community. Launched in 2011, VAOHP is housed in the Department of Asian American Studies in the School of Humanities and collaborates with the UCI Libraries Southeast Asian Archive. Visit https://sites.uci.edu/vaohp/about/ for more information about this project.

SWANA (Los Angeles)

Our mission is to advocate for our [Southwest Asian & North Afrikan - SWANA] communities on both a local and global scale. We are a group committed to promoting progressive, conscious, political, and cultural ideals through educational events, action-oriented campaigns, and healing spaces. We are in solidarity with all oppressed peoples. Our collective is geared towards those of SWANA background.

The FoodBridge

We are a non-profit organization founded in 2014 in Brussels Belgium. Our work highlights the often neglected potentials of food cultures in building bridges between people and across communities; as a viable development tool with economic, social and nutritional values. Access to sustainable agriculture and aquaculture is a necessity for a dynamic food culture, so we engage in actions that highlight the challenges of food security and hunger. However, we operate from the point of view that people should have sovereignty over their food system. 

Sankaa

SANKAA is a democratic and pluralistic socio-cultural association. We are an umbrella organization for associations connected with the African communities. All our associations have Africa as the largest common denominator and are active in Flanders and Brussels. They work on strengthening disadvantaged groups, living together in diversity, global citizenship & solidarity.

Organization for Refugee, Asylum and Migration (ORAM)
ORAM protects and empowers LGBTIQ asylum seekers and refugees globally, creating sustainability and systemic change.

COOLITUDE: Poetics of the Indian Labor Diaspora
This project takes a look at the cultural productions of writers, artists, musicians, and filmmakers who descend from indentured laborers from Guyana, Trinidad, Suriname, Mauritius, South Africa, Fiji, and those in second diaspora in England, the United States, and Canada.

Faces of Regent Park (2015)
Faces of Regent Park is a series by Dan Bergeron of original studio-based work that was scanned to create a laminated glass panel as part of a 2015 permanent public art installation Faces of Regent Park. The series of twelve portraits, including Mustafa, was installed in Toronto’s Regent Park as part of the neighborhood’s massive twenty-year revitalization. Each of the mixed-media portraits depict a resident from the newly revitalized neighborhood, which has been transformed from one that formerly housed only social housing residents, to a neighbourhood that has a 50/50 split of social housing and market-rate units. Aesthetically the work combines the familiarity of the human face with the distressed surfaces of aged architecture and infrastructure found in the urban environment. The graffiti tags have been meticulously rendered from actual markings found in the neighbourhood and act as representational signifiers of human presence on our streets, while the patterned effects symbolize the energy of human movement that give our cities their kinetic life. The vibrant and contrasting colours found within the backgrounds create a juxtaposition that helps to frame the black and white portraits, while simultaneously presenting the notion that we all stem from the same colorful tree. For more of the artists work please also check out his Instagram.